Static potential, force, and flux-tube profile in 4D compact U(1) lattice gauge theory with the multi-level algorithm

摘要

The long range properties of four-dimensional compact U(1) lattice gaugetheory with the Wilson action in the confinement phase is studied by using themulti-level algorithm. The static potential, force and flux-tube profilebetween two static charges are successfully measured from the correlationfunction involving the Polyakov loop. The universality of the coefficient ofthe 1/r correction to the static potential, known as the Luescher term, and thetransversal width of the flux-tube profile as a function of its length areinvestigated. While the result supports the presence of the 1/r correction, thewidth of the flux tube shows an almost constant behavior at a large distance.